HÁ QUARENTA ANOS, "A ÁGUIA POUSOU"

Neil Alden Armstrong é nosso irmão. Nasceu em Wapakoneta, 5 de agosto de 1930. Astronauta, piloto de testes e aviador naval americano que escreveu seu nome na história do século XX e da Humanidade ao ser o primeiro homem a pisar na Lua, como comandante da missão Apollo 11, em 20 de julho de 1969.
Edwin Eugene Aldrin Jr. É também nosso irmão. Nasceu em Nova Jérsey, 20 de janeiro de 1930, astronauta , ex-coronel e piloto da Força Aérea norte-americana e o segundo homem a pisar na Lua, em 20 de julho de 1969, como tripulante e piloto do Módulo Lunar Eagle, da missão Apollo 11, a primeira a pousar no satélite.

"A ÁGUIA POUSOU"

Na imagem (da esquerda para a direita): Michael Collins, Edwin Aldrin e Neil Armstrong."Houston. Aqui é da Base Tranqüilidade. A Águia pousou". Com estas palavras, o astronauta norte-americano Neil Armstrong (nosso irmão) anunciou ao mundo, em 20.jul.1969, a chegada, pela primeira vez na história, de seres humanos à superfície da Lua... Exatamente às 23h56 (horário de Brasília), Armstrong tocaria o solo lunar com o pé esquerdo: "Um pequeno passo para o homem, mas um salto gigantesco para a humanidade".

"Houston. Aqui é da Base Tranqüilidade. A Águia pousou". Com estas palavras, o astronauta norte-americano Neil Armstrong (*) anunciou ao mundo, ontem, 20/07/1969, a chegada, pela primeira vez na história, de seres humanos à superfície da Lua. O momento de maior emoção, no entanto, só aconteceria algumas horas depois. Exatamente às 23h56 (horário de Brasília), Armstrong tocaria o solo lunar com o pé esquerdo: "Um pequeno passo para o homem, mas um salto gigantesco para a humanidade". Assim Neil Armstrong definiu sua chegada à Lua. Minutos antes, ele havia ativado a câmera de TV que transmitiu o "pequeno" passo para todo o planeta. Antes de enviar seu comunicado da base Tranqüilidade, no entanto, Armstrong tinha sido obrigado a agir para salvar a missão e a própria vida: o local designado para o pouso automático do módulo não era uma planície limpa, como esperado, mas uma cratera cheia de rochas. Armstrong foi forçado a assumir o controle manual do "Águia", pilotando-o até um local seguro. Segundo os médicos que, da Terra, acompanhavam o estado de saúde dos astronautas, no momento da emergência a pulsação de Armstrong passou de 77 batidas por minuto para mais de 150.

Ao pisar no solo da Lua, Neil Armstrong carregava 38 quilos de equipamento - entre os sistemas necessários para mantê-lo vivo na superfície lunar e aparelhos de comunicação. Na gravidade menor da Lua, no entanto, era como se o astronauta carregasse apenas pouco mais de seis quilos. Armstrong comparou a poeira na superfície da Lua a "cinzas", tanto em cor quanto em consistência. O colega de Armstrong no módulo "Águia", Edwin Aldrin ( ** ), desembarcou pouco depois, plantando uma bandeira dos EUA na Lua. Os astronautas receberam cumprimentos do presidente americano, Richard Nixon, e coletaram rochas e amostras de poeira lunar.

O "Águia" levou à Lua, ainda, uma placa metálica, que será deixada no satélite, com os dizeres: "Aqui, homens do planeta Terra pisaram pela primeira vez na Lua. Viemos em paz, e por toda a humanidade". A placa é assinada por Nixon, Armstrong, Aldrin e Michael Collins, o astronauta que permaneceu na nave Apollo, em órbita da Lua, pronto para realizar o resgate dos colegas. Tanto a Apollo quando o Águia foram levados à Lua pelo foguete Saturno V, de três estágios, desenvolvido pelo cientista Werner Von Braun.

Tanto a placa quanto a bandeira deixada por Aldrin, e as pegadas de Aldrin e Armstrong, poderão permanecer, inalteradas, para sempre - já que na Lua não há ventos, umidade ou outros seres vivos capazes de modificar ou apagar os sinais deixados na base Tranqüilidade. Com a chegada do módulo "Águia" à Lua, a primeira parte da diretriz firmada pelo falecido presidente americano John Kennedy em 1961, e que serviu de lema para o projeto Apollo "levar astronautas à superfície da Lua e trazê-los de volta, a salvo" - foi cumprida. A segunda parte - a viagem de volta - deve começar hoje.

Afirmava o colunista naquela época.

Fonte: Samaúma

De Carlos Orsi Martinho

Astronautas chegam à Lua

Escrito para o Jornal "O estado de São Paulo"

ILUSTRES MAÇONS DO MUNDO

Abbott, Sir John J.C. - Prime Minister of Canada 1891-92
Abd-El-Kader

Abraham Lincoln

Aldrin, Edwin E. - Astronaut

Alessandro Manzoni

Alexander Fleming

Alexander Pushkin

Alfons Mucha

André Chénier

André Citroén

Arthur Conan Doyle, Sir - Writer, Author

Armstrong, Louis - Jazz Musician

Armstrong, Neil - Astronaut

Arnold, General Henry "Hap" - Commander of the Army Air Force

Austin, Stephen F. - Father of Texas

Autry, Gene - Actor

Bach, Jahann Christian - Composer

Baldwin, Henry - Supreme Court Justice

Balfour, Lloyd - Jewelry

Bartholdi, Frederic A. - Designed the Statue of Liberty

Barão de Montesquieu

Bassie, William "Count" - Orchestra leader/composer

Baylor, Robert E. B. - Founder Baylor University

Benito Juáses

Benjamin Franklin

Beard, Daniel Carter - Founder Boy Scouts

Bell, Lawrence - Bell Aircraft Corp.

Bennett, Viscount R.B. - Prime Minister of Canada 1930-35

Berlin, Irving - Entertainer

Bertel Thor Waldsen

Black, Hugo L. - Supreme Court Justice

Blair, Jr., John - Supreme Court Justice

Blatchford, Samuel - Supreme Court Justice

Borden, Sir Robert L. - Prime Minister of Canada 1911-1920

Borglum, Gutzon & Lincoln - Father and Son who carved Mt. Rushmore

Borgnine, Ernest - ActorBowell, Sir Mackenzie - Prime Minister of Canada 1894-96

Bowie, James - Alamo

Bradley, Omar N. - Military leader

Brant, Joseph - Chief of the Mohawks 1742 - 1807

BuBois, W.E.B. - Educator/scholar

Buchanan, James - President of the U.S.

Búfalo Bill

Burnett, David G. - 1st President of the Republic of Texas

Burns, Robert - The National Poet of Scotland

Burton, Harold H. - Supreme Court Justice

Byrd, Admiral Richard E. - Flew over North Pole

Byrnes, James F. - Supreme Court Justice

Calvo, Father Francisco - Catholic Priest who started Freemasonry in Costa Rica 1865

Camilo Cavour

Carson, Christopher "Kit" - Frontiersman, scout and explorer

Casanova - Italian Adventurer, writer and entertainer

Catton, John - Supreme Court Justice

Chrysler, Walter P. - Automotive fame

Charles Chaplin

Charles Lindbergh

Clark Gable

Churchill, Winston - British Leader

Citroen, Andre - French Engineer and motor car manufacturer

Clark, Roy - Country Western Star

Clark, Thomas C. - Supreme Court Justice

Clark, William - Explorer

Clarke, John H. - Supreme Court Justice

Clemens, Samuel L. - Mark Twain - writer

Cobb, Ty - Baseball Player

Cody, "Buffalo Bill" William - Indian fighter, Wild West Show

Cohan, George M. - Broadway star

Cole, Nat 'King' - Great ballad singer

Collodi, Carlo - Writer of Pinocchio

Colt, Samuel - Firearms inventor

Combs, Earle Bryan - Baseball Hall of Fame

Crockett, David - American Frontiersman and Alamo fame

Cushing, William - Supreme Court Justice

David Griffith

Dempsey, Jack - Sports

Desaguliers, John Theophilus - Inventor of the planetarium

Devanter, Willis Van - Supreme Court Justice

Diefenbaker, John G. - Prime Minister of Canada 1957-63

Doolittle, General James - Famous Air Force Pilot

Douglas, William O. - Supreme Court Justice

Dow, William H. - Dow Chemical Co.

Doyle, Sir Authur Conan - Writer - Sherlock Holmes

Duque de Wellington

Drake, Edwin L - American Pioneer of the Oil industry

Dunant, Jean Henri - Founder of the Red Cross

Edward VII - King of England

Edward VIII - King of England who abdicated the throne in less than 1 year

Ellington, Duke - Composer, Arranger and Stylist

Ellsworth, Oliver - Supreme Court Justice

Ervin Jr, Samual J. - Headed "Watergate" committee

Faber, Eberhard - Head of the famous Eberhard Fabor Pencil Company

Fairbanks, Douglas - Silent film actor

Ferdinand LessepsField, Stephen J. - Supreme Court Justice

Fields, W.C. - Actor

Fisher, Geoffrey - Archbishop of Canterbury 1945 - 1961

Fitch, John - Inventor of the Steamboat

Fleming, Sir Alexander - Invented Penicillin

Ford, Gerald R. - President of the U.S.

Ford, Henry - Pioneer Automobile Manufacturer

François Arage

Francesco Bartolozzi

Francisco Ferrer

Francisco Giner de Los Rios

Francisco Largo Caballero

François Marie Arouet Voltaire

Franklin Roosevelt

Franz Von Lizt

Frederico II da Prússia

Fredrich Schiller

Franklin, Benjamin - 1 of 13 Masonic signers of Constitution of the U.S.

Gable, Clark - Actor

Garfield, James A. - President of the U.S.

Gatling, Richard J. - Built the "Gatling Gun"

George VI - King of England during W.W. II

George Marshall

George Washington

Georges Danton

Giacomo Meyerbbeer

Giosue Carducci

Giussepi Garibaldi

Gotthold Lessing

Giusseppe Mazzini

Gibbon, Edward - Writer - Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire

Gilbert, Sir William S. - Was the librettis for "Pirates of Penzance"

Gillett, King C. - Gillett Razor Co.

Glenn, John H. - First American to orbit the earth in a space craft

Godfrey, Arthur - Actor

Gray, Harold Lincoln - Creator of "Little Orphan Annie"Grissom, Virgil - Astronaut

Grock - Swiss Circus Clown

Guillotin, Joseph Ignace - Inventor of the "Guillotin"

Hancock, John - 1of9 Masonic signers of Declaration of Independance

Harding, Warren G. - President of the U.S.

Hardy, Oliver - Actor - Comedian

Harlan, John M. - Supreme Court Justice

Hedges, Cornelius - "Father" of Yellowstone National Park

Henry, Patrick - Patriot

Heinrich Schliemanr

Heinrich Von Stephan

Henri Dumant

Henri Stendhal

Henry Houdini

Honoratio Nelson

Henson, Josiah - Inspired the novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin"

Hilton, Charles C. - American Hotelier

Hoban, James - Architect for the U.S. Captial

Hoe, Richard M. - Invented the rotory press, revolutinizing newspaper printing

Hoover, J. Edgar - Director of FBI

Hope, Bob - Comedian

Hornsby, Rogers - An original member of the Baseball Hall of Fame

Houdini, Harry - Magician

Houston, Sam - 2nd&4th President of the Republic of Texas

Italo Balbo

Jacques Montgolfier

Jacques Louis David

James Monroe

Jean Condorcet

Jea-Paul Marat

Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe

John Philipp Souza

John Sibelius

Jonaltan Swiftt

Jorge VI

Jackson, Andrew - President of the U.S.

Jackson, Reverend Jesse - Minister

Jackson, Robert H. - Supreme Court Justice

Jenner, Edward - Inventor - Vaccination

Johnson, Andrew - President of the U.S.

Jolson, Al - Fame as the first 'talkinf picture' the Jazz Singer

Jones, Anson - 5th President of the Republic of Texas

Jones, John Paul - Naval Commander

Jones, Melvin - One of the founders of the Lions International

Key, Francis Scott - Wrote U.S. National Anthem

Kanal Ataturk

Karl Krause

Khan III, Aga - Statesman

Kipling, Rudyard - Writer

La Guardia, Fiorella H. - La Guardia Airport, Mayor of New York 1930's & 40's

Lafayette, Marquis de - Supporter of Amerian Freedom

Lake, Simon - Built first submarine successfull in open sea.

Lamar, Joseph E. - Supreme Court Justice

Lamar, Mirabeau B. - 3rd President of the Republic of Texas

Land, Frank S. - Founder Order of DeMolay

Léon Bourgeois

Léon Gambetta

Lewis, Meriwether - Explorer

Lincoln, Elmo - First actor to play Tarzan of the Apes (1918)

Lindbergh, Charles - Aviator

Lipton, Sir Thomas - Founder Lipton Tea Company

Livingston, Robert - Co-Negotiator for purchase of Louisiana Territory

Lloyd, Harold C. - Entertainer

Louis Armstrong Bartholdi

MacArthur, General Douglas - Commander of Armed Forces in Philillines

MacDonald, Sir John A. - Prime Minister of Canada 1867-73 & 1878-91

Marshall, James W. - Discovered Gold at Sutter's Mill California 1848

Marshall, John - Chief Justice U.S. Supreme Court 1801 - 1835

Marshall, Thurgood - Supreme Court Justice

Mathews, Stanley - Supreme Court Justice

Mark Twain

Mayer, Louis B. - Film producer who merged to form Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM)

Mayo, Dr. William and Charles - Founded the Mayo Clinic

Maytag, Fredrick - Maytag

McKinley, William - President of the U.S.

Mecherle, George Jacob - Founder, State Farm Insurance

Menninger, Karl A. - Psychiatrist famous for treating mental illness

Mesmer, Franz Anton - practiced Mesmerism which led to Hypnotism

Michelson, Albert Abraham - Successfully measured the speed of light in 1882

Minton, Sherman - Supreme Court JusticeMix, Tom - U.S. Marshal turned actor. Stared in over 400 western films

Monroe, James - President of the U.S.

Montgolfier, Jacques Etienne - Co-developer of the first practical hot-air balloon

Moody, William H. - Supreme Court Justice

Morris, Dr. Robert - Poet and Founder of the Order of Eastern Star

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus - Composer

Murphy, Audie - Most decorated American Soldier of WWII.

Naismith, James - Inventor of Basketball

Nelson, Samuel - Supreme Court Justice

New, Harry S. - Postmaster General who established Airmail

Newton, Joseph Fort - Christian Minister

Nunn, Sam - U.S. Senator

Olds, Ransom E. - American automobile pioneer

Otis, James - Famous for "Taxations without Representation is Tyranny"

Palmer, Arnold - Golf Pro

Papst, Charles F. - Coined the term "Athletes Foot"

Paterson, William - Supreme Court Justice

Peale, Norman Vincent - Founder of "Guidepost" and Minister

Peary, Robert E. - First man to reach the North Pole (1909)

Penny, James C. - Retailer

Pershing, John Joseph - Decorated American Soldier

Pike, Zebulon - Pike's Peak named after him

Pitney, Mahlon - Supreme Court Justice

Poinsett, Joel R. - U.S. Minister to Mexico who developed the flower: Poinsettia

Polk, James Knox - President of the U.S.

Pullman, George - Built first sleeping car on train.

Pushkin, Aleksander - Russian Poet

Reed, Stanley F. - Supreme Court Justice

Revere, Paul - Famous American

Richard Byrd

Rickenbacker, Eddie - Great American Air Force Ace

Ringling Brothers - All 7 brothers and their father were Masons.

Robert Peary

Robert Scott

Robinson, Sugar Ray - American Boxer

Rogers, Roy - American cowboy and screen star

Rogers, Will - Actor

Roosevelt, Franklin D. - President of the U.S.

Roosevelt, Theodore - President of the U.S.

Rutledge, Wiley B. - Supreme Court Justice

Robert Stephenson Smith Baden Powell - Fundador do Escotismo

Salten, Felix - Creator of BambiSarnoff, David - Father of T.V.
Sax, Antoine Joseph - Invented the Saxophone (1846)
Schoonover, George - Founder of "The Builder"
Scott, Sir Walter - WriterSean Conery - Actor
Sellers, Peter - Actor
Sexson, Mark - Minister & Founder: Intl. Order of Rainbow for Girls
Shakespeare, William - Writer
Sibelius, Jean - Composer (Finland)
Simon Bolivar
Skelton, Red - Entertainer
Smith, John Stafford - Wrote the music that became the US National Anthem.
Sousa, John Philip - Led the U.S. Marine Band from 1880 - 1892
Stanford, Leland - Drove the gold spike linking the intercontinetal railroad
Stanford, Leland - & founded Stanford University
Stewart, Potter - Supreme Court Justice
Still, Andrew T. - American Physician who devised treatment of Osteopathy
Stratton, Charles "Tom Thumb" - Entertainer
Sun Yat Sen
Swayne, Noah H. - Supreme Court Justice
Swift, Johathan - Wrote Gulliver's Travels

Taft, William Howard - President of the U.S.
Teets, John W. - Chairman and Presiden of Dial Corporation
Thomas, Danny - Actor, Entertainer
Thomas, Dave - Founder of Wendys Restaurant
Thomas, Lowell - Brought Lawrence of Arabia to public notice
Thurston, Howard - Last of the great vauderville magicians.
Tillis, Mel - Country Singer
Tirpitz, Alfred Von - German Naval officer responsible for submarine warfare
Todd, Thomas - Supreme Court Justice
Travis, Colonel William B. - Alamo
Trimble, Robert - Supreme Court Justice
Truman, Harry S. - President of the U.S.

Vincent Blasco Ibanés
Victor Horta
Vinson, Frederick M. - Supreme Court Justice
Voltaire - French writer and philosopher

Wadlow, Robert Pershing - Tallest human on record being almost 9 feet tall
Wallace, Governor George C. - Presidential Candidate who was nearly assasinated
Wallace, Lewis - Wrote "Ben Hur"Walter Scott
Warner, Jack - Warner Brothers Fame
Warren, Earl - Supreme Court Justice
Washington, Booker T - Educator and author
Washington, George - President of US, 1st
Wayne, John - Actor
Webb, Matthew - First man to swim the English Channel (1875)
Whiteman, Paul - "King of Jazz"
Wilde, Oscar - Writer
Wilhelm Obncken
Willian Hogarth
Winston Churchill
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Woodbury, Levi - Supreme Court Justice
Woods, William B. - Supreme Court Justice
Wootton MD, Percy - President American Medical Association (1997- )
Wyler, William - Director of "Ben Hur"

Young, Cy - Cy Young Award

Zanuck, Darryl F. - Co-founder of 20th Century Productions in 1933
Ziegfeld, Florenz - His Ziegfeld's Follies began in 1907